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  9. <title>Lab8 Solution Amirlan Sharipov (BS21-CS-01)</title>

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  196. </head>

  197. <body>

  198. <div id="content" class="content">

  199. <h1 class="title">Lab8 Solution Amirlan Sharipov (BS21-CS-01)</h1>

  200. <div id="table-of-contents" role="doc-toc">

  201. <h2>Table of Contents</h2>

  202. <div id="text-table-of-contents" role="doc-toc">

  203. <ul>

  204. <li><a href="#org0007992">1. Question 1</a></li>

  205. <li><a href="#orga4022cb">2. Question 2</a>

  206. <ul>

  207. <li><a href="#orgaa7681b">2.1. Information taken from man pages:</a>

  208. <ul>

  209. <li><a href="#org3d62e77">2.1.1. basic.target</a></li>

  210. <li><a href="#org2c7a54d">2.1.2. graphical.target</a></li>

  211. <li><a href="#orgaa0ad68">2.1.3. multi-user.target</a></li>

  212. <li><a href="#org088723a">2.1.4. sysinit.target</a></li>

  213. </ul>

  214. </li>

  215. <li><a href="#org28d8cd5">2.2. Wants for sysinit.target</a></li>

  216. </ul>

  217. </li>

  218. <li><a href="#org6fe32f2">3. Question 3</a></li>

  219. <li><a href="#org198189e">4. Question 4</a></li>

  220. </ul>

  221. </div>

  222. </div>

  223. 

  224. <div id="outline-container-org0007992" class="outline-2">

  225. <h2 id="org0007992"><span class="section-number-2">1.</span> Question 1</h2>

  226. <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-1">

  227. <div class="org-src-container">

  228. <pre class="src src-bash">systemd-analyze

  229. systemd-analyze plot &gt; systemd.svg

  230. </pre>

  231. </div>

  232. 

  233. <pre class="example">

  234. Startup finished in 5.093s (firmware) + 122ms (loader) + 7.459s (kernel) + 4.545s (userspace) = 17.221s 

  235. graphical.target reached after 4.544s in userspace.

  236. </pre>

  237. 

  238. 

  239. 

  240. <div id="orgcc0476f" class="figure">

  241. <p><img src="./systemd.svg" alt="systemd.svg" class="org-svg" width="1000px" />

  242. </p>

  243. </div>

  244. </div>

  245. </div>

  246. 

  247. <div id="outline-container-orga4022cb" class="outline-2">

  248. <h2 id="orga4022cb"><span class="section-number-2">2.</span> Question 2</h2>

  249. <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-2">

  250. <p>

  251. graphical.target -&gt; multi-user.target -&gt; basic.target -&gt; sysinit.target

  252. </p>

  253. 

  254. <div class="org-src-container">

  255. <pre class="src src-bash"><span style="color: #c792ea;">cat</span> /usr/lib/systemd/system/graphical.target

  256. <span style="color: #c792ea;">cat</span> /usr/lib/systemd/system/multi-user.target

  257. <span style="color: #c792ea;">cat</span> /usr/lib/systemd/system/basic.target

  258. <span style="color: #c792ea;">cat</span> /usr/lib/systemd/system/sysinit.target

  259. </pre>

  260. </div>

  261. 

  262. <pre class="example" id="org05984f4">

  263. #  SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later

  264. #

  265. #  This file is part of systemd.

  266. #

  267. #  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

  268. #  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by

  269. #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or

  270. #  (at your option) any later version.

  271. 

  272. [Unit]

  273. Description=Graphical Interface

  274. Documentation=man:systemd.special(7)

  275. Requires=multi-user.target

  276. Wants=display-manager.service

  277. Conflicts=rescue.service rescue.target

  278. After=multi-user.target rescue.service rescue.target display-manager.service

  279. AllowIsolate=yes

  280. #  SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later

  281. #

  282. #  This file is part of systemd.

  283. #

  284. #  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

  285. #  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by

  286. #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or

  287. #  (at your option) any later version.

  288. 

  289. [Unit]

  290. Description=Multi-User System

  291. Documentation=man:systemd.special(7)

  292. Requires=basic.target

  293. Conflicts=rescue.service rescue.target

  294. After=basic.target rescue.service rescue.target

  295. AllowIsolate=yes

  296. #  SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later

  297. #

  298. #  This file is part of systemd.

  299. #

  300. #  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

  301. #  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by

  302. #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or

  303. #  (at your option) any later version.

  304. 

  305. [Unit]

  306. Description=Basic System

  307. Documentation=man:systemd.special(7)

  308. Requires=sysinit.target

  309. Wants=sockets.target timers.target paths.target slices.target

  310. After=sysinit.target sockets.target paths.target slices.target tmp.mount

  311. 

  312. # We support /var, /tmp, /var/tmp, being on NFS, but we don't pull in

  313. # remote-fs.target by default, hence pull them in explicitly here. Note that we

  314. # require /var and /var/tmp, but only add a Wants= type dependency on /tmp, as

  315. # we support that unit being masked, and this should not be considered an error.

  316. RequiresMountsFor=/var /var/tmp

  317. Wants=tmp.mount

  318. #  SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later

  319. #

  320. #  This file is part of systemd.

  321. #

  322. #  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

  323. #  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by

  324. #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or

  325. #  (at your option) any later version.

  326. 

  327. [Unit]

  328. Description=System Initialization

  329. Documentation=man:systemd.special(7)

  330. 

  331. Wants=local-fs.target swap.target

  332. After=local-fs.target swap.target

  333. Conflicts=emergency.service emergency.target

  334. Before=emergency.service emergency.target

  335. </pre>

  336. </div>

  337. 

  338. <div id="outline-container-orgaa7681b" class="outline-3">

  339. <h3 id="orgaa7681b"><span class="section-number-3">2.1.</span> Information taken from man pages:</h3>

  340. <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-2-1">

  341. </div>

  342. <div id="outline-container-org3d62e77" class="outline-4">

  343. <h4 id="org3d62e77"><span class="section-number-4">2.1.1.</span> basic.target</h4>

  344. <div class="outline-text-4" id="text-2-1-1">

  345. <p>

  346. A special target unit covering basic boot-up.

  347. </p>

  348. </div>

  349. </div>

  350. <div id="outline-container-org2c7a54d" class="outline-4">

  351. <h4 id="org2c7a54d"><span class="section-number-4">2.1.2.</span> graphical.target</h4>

  352. <div class="outline-text-4" id="text-2-1-2">

  353. <p>

  354. A special target unit for setting up a graphical login screen. This pulls in multi-user.target.

  355. </p>

  356. </div>

  357. </div>

  358. <div id="outline-container-orgaa0ad68" class="outline-4">

  359. <h4 id="orgaa0ad68"><span class="section-number-4">2.1.3.</span> multi-user.target</h4>

  360. <div class="outline-text-4" id="text-2-1-3">

  361. <p>

  362. A special target unit for setting up a multi-user system (non-graphical). This is pulled in by graphical.target.

  363. </p>

  364. </div>

  365. </div>

  366. <div id="outline-container-org088723a" class="outline-4">

  367. <h4 id="org088723a"><span class="section-number-4">2.1.4.</span> sysinit.target</h4>

  368. <div class="outline-text-4" id="text-2-1-4">

  369. <p>

  370. This target pulls in the services required for system initialization.

  371. </p>

  372. </div>

  373. </div>

  374. </div>

  375. <div id="outline-container-org28d8cd5" class="outline-3">

  376. <h3 id="org28d8cd5"><span class="section-number-3">2.2.</span> Wants for sysinit.target</h3>

  377. <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-2-2">

  378. <p>

  379. Wants=local-fs.target swap.target

  380. Wants is used like Requires, but it&rsquo;s less strict, meaning that it can start if the &ldquo;wanted&rdquo; service doesn&rsquo;t exist or failed to start.

  381. In this case, it wants local filesystems and swap to start.

  382. </p>

  383. </div>

  384. </div>

  385. </div>

  386. 

  387. <div id="outline-container-org6fe32f2" class="outline-2">

  388. <h2 id="org6fe32f2"><span class="section-number-2">3.</span> Question 3</h2>

  389. <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-3">

  390. <div class="org-src-container">

  391. <pre class="src src-bash"><span style="color: #c792ea;">cat</span> webserver.sh

  392. </pre>

  393. </div>

  394. 

  395. <pre class="example">

  396. #!/bin/bash

  397. 

  398. while true ; do

  399.     STATS="&lt;h1&gt;Uptime&lt;/h1&gt;$(uptime)\n&lt;h1&gt;Inode and disk usage&lt;/h1&gt;$(df -ih)\n&lt;h1&gt;Mem usage&lt;/h1&gt;$(free -h)\n&lt;h1&gt;Syslog&lt;/h1&gt;$(tail -n 15 /var/log/syslog)\r\n\r\n"

  400.     LEN=$(printf "%s" "$STATS" | wc -c)

  401.     RES="HTTP/1.1 200OK\r\nContent-Length: $LEN\r\n\r\n"

  402.     echo -e "$RES$STATS"| nc -l -p 1500;

  403. done

  404. </pre>

  405. 

  406. 

  407. <p>

  408. [Unit]

  409. Description=stats web server

  410. </p>

  411. 

  412. <p>

  413. [Service]

  414. User=root

  415. ExecStart=/home/rinri/edu/sna/webserver.sh

  416. Restart=always

  417. CPUQuota=15%

  418. MemoryMax=256000000

  419. </p>

  420. 

  421. <p>

  422. [Install]

  423. WantedBy=multi-user.target

  424. </p>

  425. </div>

  426. </div>

  427. 

  428. <div id="outline-container-org198189e" class="outline-2">

  429. <h2 id="org198189e"><span class="section-number-2">4.</span> Question 4</h2>

  430. <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-4">

  431. <div class="org-src-container">

  432. <pre class="src src-bash"><span style="color: #c792ea;">cat</span> update.sh

  433. </pre>

  434. </div>

  435. 

  436. <pre class="example">

  437. #!/bin/bash

  438. 

  439. pacman -Sy

  440. </pre>

  441. 

  442. 

  443. <p>

  444. [Unit]

  445. Description=update package sources list

  446. </p>

  447. 

  448. <p>

  449. [Service]

  450. User=root

  451. ExecStart=/home/rinri/edu/sna/update.sh

  452. </p>

  453. 

  454. <p>

  455. [Install]

  456. WantedBy=multi-user.target

  457. </p>

  458. </div>

  459. </div>

  460. </div>

  461. <div id="postamble" class="status">

  462. <p class="author">Author: Amirlan Sharipov (BS21-CS-01)</p>

  463. <p class="date">Created: 2023-03-23 Thu 23:57</p>

  464. </div>

  465. </body>

  466. </html>