rinri
/
system-and-network-administration-course


			
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<div id="content" class="content">
<h1 class="title">Lab2 Solution Amirlan Sharipov (BS21-CS-01)</h1>
<div id="table-of-contents" role="doc-toc">
<h2>Table of Contents</h2>
<div id="text-table-of-contents" role="doc-toc">
<ul>
<li><a href="#orgab91f72">1. Questions 1</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#org5b80d60">1.1. What is fdisk utility used for?</a></li>
<li><a href="#org0c664e2">1.2. Show the bootable device(s) on your machine, and identify which partition(s) are bootable.</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#orged3ed3c">1.2.1. Output of fdisk -l:</a></li>
<li><a href="#orga4fdfef">1.2.2. Answer</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#orgb7c19d5">1.3. What is logical block address?</a></li>
<li><a href="#orgd76c04a">1.4. Why did we specify the count, the bs, and the skip options when using dd?</a></li>
<li><a href="#org396d8fc">1.5. Why does a GPT formatted disk have the MBR?</a></li>
<li><a href="#org47988d3">1.6. Name two differences between primary and logical partitions in an MBR partitioning scheme</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#orgd07cf30">2. Questions 2</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#org7dd9497">2.1. Why is Shim used to load the GRUB bootloader?</a></li>
<li><a href="#orgdf33504">2.2. Can you locate your grub configuration file? Show the path.</a></li>
<li><a href="#orge9d54d1">2.3. According to the boot order, what is the third boot device on your computer? How did you check this?</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#orgdc23d89">3. Questions 3</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#orgd513e26">3.1. How many inodes are in use on your system?</a></li>
<li><a href="#orge9e0733">3.2. What is the filesystem type of the EFI partition?</a></li>
<li><a href="#org8478339">3.3. What device is mounted at your root / directory? Show proof.</a></li>
<li><a href="#org3c9680d">3.4. What is your partition UUID?</a></li>
<li><a href="#org9f79854">3.5. Show at least two methods of viewing the UUID of a block device.</a></li>
<li><a href="#org4b16e3f">3.6. What is the function of /dev/zero?</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>

<div id="outline-container-orgab91f72" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orgab91f72"><span class="section-number-2">1.</span> Questions 1</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-1">
</div>
<div id="outline-container-org5b80d60" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="org5b80d60"><span class="section-number-3">1.1.</span> What is fdisk utility used for?</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-1-1">
<p>
to manipulate disk partition table
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-org0c664e2" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="org0c664e2"><span class="section-number-3">1.2.</span> Show the bootable device(s) on your machine, and identify which partition(s) are bootable.</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-1-2">
</div>
<div id="outline-container-orged3ed3c" class="outline-4">
<h4 id="orged3ed3c"><span class="section-number-4">1.2.1.</span> Output of fdisk -l:</h4>
<div class="outline-text-4" id="text-1-2-1">
<p>
&#x2026;
Device         Start       End   Sectors  Size Type
/dev/sdb1       2048     34815     32768   16M Microsoft reserved
/dev/sdb2      34816 524285951 524251136  250G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sdb3  524285952 659988479 135702528 64.7G Linux filesystem
/dev/sdb4  659988480 863920127 203931648 97.2G Linux filesystem
/dev/sdb5  958291968 975173631  16881664    8G Linux swap
/dev/sdb6  975173632 976773134   1599503  781M EFI System
/dev/sdb7  863920128 956194815  92274688   44G Linux filesystem
/dev/sdb8  956194816 958291967   2097152    1G EFI System
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-orga4fdfef" class="outline-4">
<h4 id="orga4fdfef"><span class="section-number-4">1.2.2.</span> Answer</h4>
<div class="outline-text-4" id="text-1-2-2">
<p>
/dev/sdb6 and /dev/sdb8 are bootable partitions
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div id="outline-container-orgb7c19d5" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="orgb7c19d5"><span class="section-number-3">1.3.</span> What is logical block address?</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-1-3">
<p>
is a scheme to index the locations of logical blocks of a device. Starts with LBA 0
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-orgd76c04a" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="orgd76c04a"><span class="section-number-3">1.4.</span> Why did we specify the count, the bs, and the skip options when using dd?</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-1-4">
<p>
Number of blocks, block size, and how many blocks to skip
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-org396d8fc" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="org396d8fc"><span class="section-number-3">1.5.</span> Why does a GPT formatted disk have the MBR?</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-1-5">
<p>
To maintain compatibility and protect GPT disk and from MBR-based disk utilities.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-org47988d3" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="org47988d3"><span class="section-number-3">1.6.</span> Name two differences between primary and logical partitions in an MBR partitioning scheme</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-1-6">
<p>
There can be only 4 primary partitions in MBR disk, while there can be many logical ones on top of an extended partition. Some operating systems cannot boot from a logical partition.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>


<div id="outline-container-orgd07cf30" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orgd07cf30"><span class="section-number-2">2.</span> Questions 2</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-2">
</div>
<div id="outline-container-org7dd9497" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="org7dd9497"><span class="section-number-3">2.1.</span> Why is Shim used to load the GRUB bootloader?</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-2-1">
<p>
To make Secure Boot mechanism work.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-orgdf33504" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="orgdf33504"><span class="section-number-3">2.2.</span> Can you locate your grub configuration file? Show the path.</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-2-2">
<p>
/boot/grub/grub.cfg
Also, there is /etc/default/grub which can be used to generate a grub config using grub-mkconfig
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-orge9d54d1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="orge9d54d1"><span class="section-number-3">2.3.</span> According to the boot order, what is the third boot device on your computer? How did you check this?</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-2-3">
<p>
BootCurrent: 0003
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0003,0004,0009,0001,0002,0000,2001,0006,0005,2002,2003
&#x2026;
Boot0009* Artix HD(10,GPT,&#x2026;
It&rsquo;s Artix on my hard drive, accoding to efibootmgr -v
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div id="outline-container-orgdc23d89" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="orgdc23d89"><span class="section-number-2">3.</span> Questions 3</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-3">
</div>
<div id="outline-container-orgd513e26" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="orgd513e26"><span class="section-number-3">3.1.</span> How many inodes are in use on your system?</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-1">
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-bash">df --output=source,iused
</pre>
</div>

<pre class="example" id="org1e237a1">
Filesystem      IUsed
dev               717
run              1314
/dev/sdb3      720461
tmpfs               1
tmpfs              26
/dev/sdb4      677813
/dev/sdb6           0
tmpfs              71
/dev/sda9       16193
/dev/sda8       33171
</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div id="outline-container-orge9e0733" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="orge9e0733"><span class="section-number-3">3.2.</span> What is the filesystem type of the EFI partition?</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-2">
<p>
FAT32
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-org8478339" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="org8478339"><span class="section-number-3">3.3.</span> What device is mounted at your root / directory? Show proof.</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-3">
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-bash">lsblk
</pre>
</div>

<pre class="example" id="org1ee58fc">
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda      8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk 
├─sda1   8:1    0   499M  0 part 
├─sda2   8:2    0   100M  0 part 
├─sda3   8:3    0    16M  0 part 
├─sda4   8:4    0  42.4G  0 part 
├─sda5   8:5    0  38.8G  0 part 
├─sda6   8:6    0   100M  0 part 
├─sda7   8:7    0   3.1G  0 part 
├─sda8   8:8    0   315G  0 part /mnt/rec
└─sda9   8:9    0 531.5G  0 part /mnt/data
sdb      8:16   0 465.8G  0 disk 
├─sdb1   8:17   0    16M  0 part 
├─sdb2   8:18   0   250G  0 part 
├─sdb3   8:19   0  64.7G  0 part /
├─sdb4   8:20   0  97.2G  0 part /home
├─sdb5   8:21   0     8G  0 part [SWAP]
├─sdb6   8:22   0   781M  0 part /boot
├─sdb7   8:23   0    44G  0 part 
└─sdb8   8:24   0     1G  0 part 
</pre>
<p>
/dev/sdb3
</p>
</div>
</div>

<div id="outline-container-org3c9680d" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="org3c9680d"><span class="section-number-3">3.4.</span> What is your partition UUID?</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-4">
<p>
For PARTUUID:
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-bash">lsblk -dno PARTUUID /dev/sdb3
</pre>
</div>

<pre class="example">
fbef9613-fbf5-8445-8d1c-7a63709d1229
</pre>
</div>
</div>

<div id="outline-container-org9f79854" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="org9f79854"><span class="section-number-3">3.5.</span> Show at least two methods of viewing the UUID of a block device.</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-5">
<p>
lsblk -dno UUID /dev/sdb3
blkid
</p>
</div>
</div>

<div id="outline-container-org4b16e3f" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="org4b16e3f"><span class="section-number-3">3.6.</span> What is the function of /dev/zero?</h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-6">
<p>
Source of zero bytes. Can be used with dd to fill a file with zeros.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="postamble" class="status">
<p class="author">Author: Amirlan Sharipov (BS21-CS-01)</p>
<p class="date">Created: 2023-02-09 Thu 23:36</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>