Lab2 Solution Amirlan Sharipov (BS21-CS-01)
Table of Contents
- 1. Questions 1
- 1.1. What is fdisk utility used for?
- 1.2. Show the bootable device(s) on your machine, and identify which partition(s) are bootable.
- 1.3. What is logical block address?
- 1.4. Why did we specify the count, the bs, and the skip options when using dd?
- 1.5. Why does a GPT formatted disk have the MBR?
- 1.6. Name two differences between primary and logical partitions in an MBR partitioning scheme
- 2. Questions 2
- 3. Questions 3
- 3.1. How many inodes are in use on your system?
- 3.2. What is the filesystem type of the EFI partition?
- 3.3. What device is mounted at your root / directory? Show proof.
- 3.4. What is your partition UUID?
- 3.5. Show at least two methods of viewing the UUID of a block device.
- 3.6. What is the function of /dev/zero?
1. Questions 1
1.1. What is fdisk utility used for?
to manipulate disk partition table
1.2. Show the bootable device(s) on your machine, and identify which partition(s) are bootable.
1.2.1. Output of fdisk -l:
… Device Start End Sectors Size Type /dev/sdb1 2048 34815 32768 16M Microsoft reserved /dev/sdb2 34816 524285951 524251136 250G Microsoft basic data /dev/sdb3 524285952 659988479 135702528 64.7G Linux filesystem /dev/sdb4 659988480 863920127 203931648 97.2G Linux filesystem /dev/sdb5 958291968 975173631 16881664 8G Linux swap /dev/sdb6 975173632 976773134 1599503 781M EFI System /dev/sdb7 863920128 956194815 92274688 44G Linux filesystem /dev/sdb8 956194816 958291967 2097152 1G EFI System
1.2.2. Answer
/dev/sdb6 and /dev/sdb8 are bootable partitions
1.3. What is logical block address?
is a scheme to index the locations of logical blocks of a device. Starts with LBA 0
1.4. Why did we specify the count, the bs, and the skip options when using dd?
Number of blocks, block size, and how many blocks to skip
1.5. Why does a GPT formatted disk have the MBR?
To maintain compatibility and protect GPT disk and from MBR-based disk utilities.
1.6. Name two differences between primary and logical partitions in an MBR partitioning scheme
There can be only 4 primary partitions in MBR disk, while there can be many logical ones on top of an extended partition. Some operating systems cannot boot from a logical partition.
2. Questions 2
2.1. Why is Shim used to load the GRUB bootloader?
To make Secure Boot mechanism work.
2.2. Can you locate your grub configuration file? Show the path.
/boot/grub/grub.cfg Also, there is /etc/default/grub which can be used to generate a grub config using grub-mkconfig
2.3. According to the boot order, what is the third boot device on your computer? How did you check this?
BootCurrent: 0003 Timeout: 0 seconds BootOrder: 0003,0004,0009,0001,0002,0000,2001,0006,0005,2002,2003 … Boot0009* Artix HD(10,GPT,… It’s Artix on my hard drive, accoding to efibootmgr -v
3. Questions 3
3.1. How many inodes are in use on your system?
df --output=source,iused
Filesystem IUsed dev 717 run 1314 /dev/sdb3 720461 tmpfs 1 tmpfs 26 /dev/sdb4 677813 /dev/sdb6 0 tmpfs 71 /dev/sda9 16193 /dev/sda8 33171
3.2. What is the filesystem type of the EFI partition?
FAT32
3.3. What device is mounted at your root / directory? Show proof.
lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS sda 8:0 0 931.5G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 499M 0 part ├─sda2 8:2 0 100M 0 part ├─sda3 8:3 0 16M 0 part ├─sda4 8:4 0 42.4G 0 part ├─sda5 8:5 0 38.8G 0 part ├─sda6 8:6 0 100M 0 part ├─sda7 8:7 0 3.1G 0 part ├─sda8 8:8 0 315G 0 part /mnt/rec └─sda9 8:9 0 531.5G 0 part /mnt/data sdb 8:16 0 465.8G 0 disk ├─sdb1 8:17 0 16M 0 part ├─sdb2 8:18 0 250G 0 part ├─sdb3 8:19 0 64.7G 0 part / ├─sdb4 8:20 0 97.2G 0 part /home ├─sdb5 8:21 0 8G 0 part [SWAP] ├─sdb6 8:22 0 781M 0 part /boot ├─sdb7 8:23 0 44G 0 part └─sdb8 8:24 0 1G 0 part
/dev/sdb3
3.4. What is your partition UUID?
For PARTUUID:
lsblk -dno PARTUUID /dev/sdb3
fbef9613-fbf5-8445-8d1c-7a63709d1229
3.5. Show at least two methods of viewing the UUID of a block device.
lsblk -dno UUID /dev/sdb3 blkid
3.6. What is the function of /dev/zero?
Source of zero bytes. Can be used with dd to fill a file with zeros.