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  37.     <div id="doc" class="markdown-body container-fluid comment-inner comment-enabled" data-hard-breaks="true"><h1 id="Week-3---Message-Brokers" data-id="Week-3---Message-Brokers"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Week-3---Message-Brokers" title="Week-3---Message-Brokers"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><span>Week 3 - Message Brokers</span></h1><blockquote>

  38. <p><span>Distributed Systems and Network Programming - Spring 2023</span></p>

  39. </blockquote><h2 id="Overview" data-id="Overview"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Overview" title="Overview"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><span>Overview</span></h2><p><span>Your task for this lab is to use </span><a href="https://rabbitmq.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span>RabbitMQ</span></a><span> as a message broker for a pollution monitoring system.</span></p><ul>

  40. <li><span>A sensor </span><strong><span>(publisher)</span></strong><span> collects CO</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span> levels in the environment and sends the obtained values to a server.</span></li>

  41. <li><span>The server </span><strong><span>(subscriber)</span></strong><span> processes these values and indicates if CO</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span> levels are abnormal.</span></li>

  42. </ul><h2 id="System-Architecture" data-id="System-Architecture"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#System-Architecture" title="System-Architecture"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><span>System Architecture</span></h2><h3 id="Architecture-diagram" data-id="Architecture-diagram"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Architecture-diagram" title="Architecture-diagram"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong><span>Architecture diagram</span></strong></h3><p><img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/40727318/229937239-2c27b9f4-e484-4eb9-b174-768ed8102b75.svg" alt="diagram" loading="lazy"></p><h3 id="Directory-structure" data-id="Directory-structure"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Directory-structure" title="Directory-structure"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong><span>Directory structure</span></strong></h3><pre><code class="bash hljs">.

  43. ├── docker-compose.yml

  44. ├── publishers

  45. │   ├── sensor.py

  46. │   └── control-tower.py

  47. └── subscribers

  48.     ├── receiver.py

  49.     └── reporter.py

  50. </code></pre><h3 id="Publishers" data-id="Publishers"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Publishers" title="Publishers"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong><span>Publishers</span></strong></h3><ul>

  51. <li>

  52. <p><strong><span>Sensor (</span><code>sensor.py</code><span>)</span></strong></p>

  53. <ul>

  54. <li><span>Reads user input (an integer) representing the current level of CO</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>.</span></li>

  55. <li><span>Sends the value along with the current time to the server in JSON format.</span>

  56. <ul>

  57. <li><span>Values should be sent to the CO2 queue for processing only by the receiver</span></li>

  58. </ul>

  59. </li>

  60. <li><span>Example message: </span><code>{"time": "2023-04-03 17:19:29", "value": 500}</code></li>

  61. </ul>

  62. </li>

  63. <li>

  64. <p><strong><span>Control tower (</span><code>control-tower.py</code><span>)</span></strong></p>

  65. <ul>

  66. <li><span>Takes user input (a string) representing a query to the reporter.</span></li>

  67. <li><span>The query can either be </span><code>current</code><span> or </span><code>average</code>

  68. <ul>

  69. <li><code>current</code><span>: asks for the current CO</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span> level.</span></li>

  70. <li><code>average</code><span>: asks for the average of all collected values since the system started.</span></li>

  71. </ul>

  72. </li>

  73. </ul>

  74. </li>

  75. </ul><h3 id="Subscribers" data-id="Subscribers"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Subscribers" title="Subscribers"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong><span>Subscribers</span></strong></h3><ul>

  76. <li><strong><span>Receiver (</span><code>receiver.py</code><span>)</span></strong>

  77. <ul>

  78. <li><span>Listens for messages from the sensor.</span></li>

  79. <li><span>Extracts the received JSON data and appends it to a file (e.g., </span><code>receiver.log</code><span>).</span></li>

  80. <li><span>Checks the received (latest) CO</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span> value</span>

  81. <ul>

  82. <li><span>If the value is larger than </span><code>500</code><span>, the server prints a </span><code>WARNING</code><span> message.</span></li>

  83. <li><span>Otherwise, print </span><code>OK</code></li>

  84. </ul>

  85. </li>

  86. </ul>

  87. </li>

  88. <li><strong><span>Reporter (</span><code>reporter.py</code><span>)</span></strong>

  89. <ul>

  90. <li><span>Listens for messages (queries) from the control tower.</span></li>

  91. <li><span>Prints the answer upon receiving a query for </span><code>current</code><span> or </span><code>average</code><span>.</span></li>

  92. <li><span>The answer can be calculated based on the data from </span><code>receiver.log</code></li>

  93. </ul>

  94. </li>

  95. </ul><h3 id="Message-Broker-RabbitMQ-Server" data-id="Message-Broker-RabbitMQ-Server"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Message-Broker-RabbitMQ-Server" title="Message-Broker-RabbitMQ-Server"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><span>Message Broker (RabbitMQ Server)</span></h3><ul>

  96. <li><span>The broker is maintaining one or more message queues.</span></li>

  97. <li><span>Producers push messages to queues for consumers to receive.</span></li>

  98. <li><span>An exchange controls which messages should be routed to which queues and how it’s done.</span>

  99. <ul>

  100. <li><span>Multiple exchange types exist, use the </span><code>topic</code><span> exchange type which allows routing messages to different queues based on a wildcard (</span><code>*</code><span>) routing pattern.</span></li>

  101. </ul>

  102. </li>

  103. <li><span>A binding connects the exchange to a certain queue, the diagram above shows which queues should be bound to the exchange and the routing patterns to use.</span></li>

  104. </ul><h2 id="Task" data-id="Task"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Task" title="Task"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><span>Task</span></h2><ol>

  105. <li>

  106. <p><span>Run RabbitMQ in a docker container using </span><a href="https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span>docker-compose</span></a><span> by executing the following command in the same directory as </span><code>docker-compose.yml</code><span> file.</span></p>

  107. <pre><code class="bash hljs">docker-compose up

  108. </code></pre>

  109. </li>

  110. <li>

  111. <p><span>The Web UI should be available at </span><a href="http://localhost:15672/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span>http://localhost:15672/</span></a></p>

  112. <ul>

  113. <li><span>You can see default login credentials (</span><code>rabbit:1234</code><span>) in the compose file.</span></li>

  114. </ul>

  115. </li>

  116. <li>

  117. <p><span>Install </span><a href="https://pypi.org/project/pika/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><code>pika</code></a><span>, the Python library for interacting with RabbitMQ.</span></p>

  118. <ul>

  119. <li><span>It’s recommended to create a virtual environment instead of installing </span><code>pika</code><span> globally.</span></li>

  120. <li><span>You can do so by running the following commands (you may need to install </span><code>python3-venv</code><span>)</span><pre><code class="bash hljs">python -m venv venv

  121. <span class="hljs-built_in">source</span> venv/bin/activate

  122. pip install pika

  123. </code></pre>

  124. </li>

  125. </ul>

  126. </li>

  127. <li>

  128. <p><span>Implement the system components as described above. Refer to </span><a href="https://www.rabbitmq.com/tutorials/tutorial-three-python.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span>this tutorial</span></a><span> and </span><a href="https://pika.readthedocs.io/en/stable/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span>pika documentation</span></a><span> for help.</span></p>

  129. <ul>

  130. <li><span>Connect to RabbitMQ server at </span><code>localhost</code><span> and create a channel.</span></li>

  131. <li><span>Use </span><code>amq.topic</code><span> exchange, or create your own exchange of type </span><code>topic</code></li>

  132. <li><span>Send sensor values with a routing key starting with </span><code>co2</code><span> (e.g., </span><code>co2.sensor</code><span>)</span></li>

  133. <li><span>Send control queries with a routing key starting with </span><code>rep</code><span> (e.g., </span><code>rep.current</code><span> and </span><code>rep.average</code><span>)</span></li>

  134. <li><span>Configure the receiver to listen for </span><code>co2.*</code><span> and the reporter to listen for </span><code>rep.*</code></li>

  135. <li><span>Don’t forget to </span><code>ack</code><span> the received messages so that they do not remain in the queue.</span></li>

  136. </ul>

  137. </li>

  138. <li>

  139. <p><span>Submit a single ZIP archive named </span><code>NameSurname.zip</code><span> with </span><code>publishers</code><span> and </span><code>subscribers</code><span> directories inside.</span></p>

  140. </li>

  141. </ol><h2 id="Example-Run" data-id="Example-Run"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Example-Run" title="Example-Run"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><span>Example Run</span></h2><pre><code class="bash hljs">$ python publishers/sensor.py

  142. Enter CO2 level: 499

  143. Enter CO2 level: 500

  144. Enter CO2 level: 501

  145. Enter CO2 level: 500

  146. </code></pre><pre><code class="bash hljs">$ python subscribers/receiver.py

  147. [*] Waiting <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> CO2 data. Press CTRL+C to <span class="hljs-built_in">exit</span>

  148. 2023-04-03 17:19:29: OK

  149. 2023-04-03 17:20:02: OK

  150. 2023-04-03 17:21:05: WARNING

  151. 2023-04-03 17:22:08: OK

  152. </code></pre><hr><pre><code class="bash hljs">$ python publishers/control-tower.py

  153. Enter Query: current

  154. Enter Query: average

  155. </code></pre><pre><code class="bash hljs">$ python subscribers/reporter.py

  156. [*] Waiting <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> queries from the control tower. Press CTRL+C to <span class="hljs-built_in">exit</span>

  157. 2023-04-03 17:19:30: Latest CO2 level is 499

  158. 2023-04-03 17:23:02: Average CO2 level is 500.0

  159. </code></pre><h2 id="Checklist" data-id="Checklist"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Checklist" title="Checklist"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><span>Checklist</span></h2><ul class="contains-task-list">

  160. <li class="task-list-item enabled"><input class="task-list-item-checkbox" type="checkbox" disabled="disabled"><span> A single submitted file </span><code>NameSurname.zip</code><span> with the following content inside:</span><pre><code class="bash hljs">.

  161. ├── publishers

  162. │   ├── sensor.py

  163. │   └── control-tower.py

  164. └── subscribers

  165.     ├── receiver.py

  166.     └── reporter.py

  167. </code></pre>

  168. </li>

  169. <li class="task-list-item enabled"><input class="task-list-item-checkbox" type="checkbox" disabled="disabled"><span> Publisher scripts correctly read and process user input.</span></li>

  170. <li class="task-list-item enabled"><input class="task-list-item-checkbox" type="checkbox" disabled="disabled"><span> Subscriber scripts only receive intended messages.</span></li>

  171. <li class="task-list-item enabled"><input class="task-list-item-checkbox" type="checkbox" disabled="disabled"><span> Receiver correctly processes sensor values and prints timestamped </span><code>WARNING</code><span> or </span><code>OK</code><span> messages accordingly.</span></li>

  172. <li class="task-list-item enabled"><input class="task-list-item-checkbox" type="checkbox" disabled="disabled"><span> Reporter correctly processes control tower queries and prints the required answers.</span></li>

  173. <li class="task-list-item enabled"><input class="task-list-item-checkbox" type="checkbox" disabled="disabled"><span> The code does not use any external dependencies (apart from  </span><a href="https://pypi.org/project/pika/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><code>pika</code></a><span>)</span></li>

  174. <li class="task-list-item enabled"><input class="task-list-item-checkbox" type="checkbox" disabled="disabled"><span> The source code is the author’s original work. Both parties will be penalized for detected plagiarism.</span></li>

  175. </ul></div>

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  183. <li><a href="#Week-3---Message-Brokers" title="Week 3 - Message Brokers">Week 3 - Message Brokers</a><ul class="nav">

  184. <li><a href="#Overview" title="Overview">Overview</a></li>

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  189. <li><a href="#Subscribers" title="Subscribers">Subscribers</a></li>

  190. <li><a href="#Message-Broker-RabbitMQ-Server" title="Message Broker (RabbitMQ Server)">Message Broker (RabbitMQ Server)</a></li>

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  193. <li><a href="#Task" title="Task">Task</a></li>

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  254. 

  255.         smoothHashScroll();

  256.         var toc = $('.ui-toc');

  257.         var tocAffix = $('.ui-affix-toc');

  258.         var tocDropdown = $('.ui-toc-dropdown');

  259.         //toc

  260.         tocDropdown.click(function (e) {

  261.             e.stopPropagation();

  262.         });

  263. 

  264.         var enoughForAffixToc = true;

  265. 

  266.         function generateScrollspy() {

  267.             $(document.body).scrollspy({

  268.                 target: ''

  269.             });

  270.             $(document.body).scrollspy('refresh');

  271.             if (enoughForAffixToc) {

  272.                 toc.hide();

  273.                 tocAffix.show();

  274.             } else {

  275.                 tocAffix.hide();

  276.                 toc.show();

  277.             }

  278.             $(document.body).scroll();

  279.         }

  280. 

  281.         function windowResize() {

  282.             //toc right

  283.             var paddingRight = parseFloat(markdown.css('padding-right'));

  284.             var right = ($(window).width() - (markdown.offset().left + markdown.outerWidth() - paddingRight));

  285.             toc.css('right', right + 'px');

  286.             //affix toc left

  287.             var newbool;

  288.             var rightMargin = (markdown.parent().outerWidth() - markdown.outerWidth()) / 2;

  289.             //for ipad or wider device

  290.             if (rightMargin >= 133) {

  291.                 newbool = true;

  292.                 var affixLeftMargin = (tocAffix.outerWidth() - tocAffix.width()) / 2;

  293.                 var left = markdown.offset().left + markdown.outerWidth() - affixLeftMargin;

  294.                 tocAffix.css('left', left + 'px');

  295.             } else {

  296.                 newbool = false;

  297.             }

  298.             if (newbool != enoughForAffixToc) {

  299.                 enoughForAffixToc = newbool;

  300.                 generateScrollspy();

  301.             }

  302.         }

  303.         $(window).resize(function () {

  304.             windowResize();

  305.         });

  306.         $(document).ready(function () {

  307.             windowResize();

  308.             generateScrollspy();

  309.         });

  310. 

  311.         //remove hash

  312.         function removeHash() {

  313.             window.location.hash = '';

  314.         }

  315. 

  316.         var backtotop = $('.back-to-top');

  317.         var gotobottom = $('.go-to-bottom');

  318. 

  319.         backtotop.click(function (e) {

  320.             e.preventDefault();

  321.             e.stopPropagation();

  322.             if (scrollToTop)

  323.                 scrollToTop();

  324.             removeHash();

  325.         });

  326.         gotobottom.click(function (e) {

  327.             e.preventDefault();

  328.             e.stopPropagation();

  329.             if (scrollToBottom)

  330.                 scrollToBottom();

  331.             removeHash();

  332.         });

  333. 

  334.         var toggle = $('.expand-toggle');

  335.         var tocExpand = false;

  336. 

  337.         checkExpandToggle();

  338.         toggle.click(function (e) {

  339.             e.preventDefault();

  340.             e.stopPropagation();

  341.             tocExpand = !tocExpand;

  342.             checkExpandToggle();

  343.         })

  344. 

  345.         function checkExpandToggle () {

  346.             var toc = $('.ui-toc-dropdown .toc');

  347.             var toggle = $('.expand-toggle');

  348.             if (!tocExpand) {

  349.                 toc.removeClass('expand');

  350.                 toggle.text('Expand all');

  351.             } else {

  352.                 toc.addClass('expand');

  353.                 toggle.text('Collapse all');

  354.             }

  355.         }

  356. 

  357.         function scrollToTop() {

  358.             $('body, html').stop(true, true).animate({

  359.                 scrollTop: 0

  360.             }, 100, "linear");

  361.         }

  362. 

  363.         function scrollToBottom() {

  364.             $('body, html').stop(true, true).animate({

  365.                 scrollTop: $(document.body)[0].scrollHeight

  366.             }, 100, "linear");

  367.         }

  368.     </script>

  369. </body>

  370. 

  371. </html>