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  37.     <div id="doc" class="markdown-body container-fluid comment-enabled" data-hard-breaks="true"><h1 id="Final-Exam---Practical-Part" data-id="Final-Exam---Practical-Part"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Final-Exam---Practical-Part" title="Final-Exam---Practical-Part"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><span>Final Exam - Practical Part</span></h1><blockquote>

  38. <p><span>Distributed Systems and Network Programming - Spring 2023</span></p>

  39. </blockquote><h2 id="Task-1---UDP-Socket-Programming-85-Points" data-id="Task-1---UDP-Socket-Programming-85-Points"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Task-1---UDP-Socket-Programming-85-Points" title="Task-1---UDP-Socket-Programming-85-Points"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><span>Task 1 - UDP Socket Programming [8.5 Points]</span></h2><p><span>Write a UDP server and a client using Python </span><code>socket</code><span> module to implement a minimalistic DNS service</span></p><ul>

  40. <li><span>The client sends queries to the server over a UDP socket</span></li>

  41. <li><span>The server replies with a Resource Record (RR) from a predefined list or an error if the record is not found</span></li>

  42. </ul><h3 id="Client-clientpy" data-id="Client-clientpy"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Client-clientpy" title="Client-clientpy"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><span>Client (</span><code>client.py</code><span>)</span></h3><ul>

  43. <li><span>Create a </span><code>class Query</code><span> with two string attributes (</span><code>type, key</code><span>)</span></li>

  44. <li><span>Once started, the client creates the following three </span><code>Query</code><span> instances</span><pre><code class="python hljs">Query(<span class="hljs-built_in">type</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"A"</span>, key=<span class="hljs-string">"example.com"</span>)

  45. Query(<span class="hljs-built_in">type</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"PTR"</span>, key=<span class="hljs-string">"1.2.3.4"</span>)

  46. Query(<span class="hljs-built_in">type</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"CNAME"</span>, key=<span class="hljs-string">"moodle.com"</span>)

  47. </code></pre>

  48. </li>

  49. <li><span>Serialize the instances using </span><code>json</code><span> module and send them (one by one) over UDP to the listening server</span></li>

  50. <li><span>Receive and deserialize the server reply, then print the resulting dictionary to the standard output</span></li>

  51. </ul><h3 id="Server-serverpy" data-id="Server-serverpy"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Server-serverpy" title="Server-serverpy"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><span>Server (</span><code>server.py</code><span>)</span></h3><ul>

  52. <li><span>Create a </span><code>class RR</code><span> with three string attributes (</span><code>type</code><span>, </span><code>key</code><span>, </span><code>value</code><span>)</span></li>

  53. <li><span>Once started, the server listens on all interfaces on port </span><code>50000</code></li>

  54. <li><span>The server runs forever, unless a </span><code>KeyboardInterrupt</code><span> is received</span></li>

  55. <li><span>The server maintains a list of resource records. The list initially contains the following two records</span><pre><code class="python hljs">RR(<span class="hljs-built_in">type</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"A"</span>, key=<span class="hljs-string">"example.com"</span>, value=<span class="hljs-string">"1.2.3.4"</span>)

  56. RR(<span class="hljs-built_in">type</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"PTR"</span>, key=<span class="hljs-string">"1.2.3.4"</span>, value=<span class="hljs-string">"example.com"</span>)

  57. </code></pre>

  58. </li>

  59. <li><span>Once the server receives a </span><code>Query</code><span> from a client, it replies with the requested record or an error</span></li>

  60. <li><span>To create an error reply, add </span><code>'value': 'NXDOMAIN'</code><span> to the received query and send it back to the client</span></li>

  61. </ul><h3 id="Example-Run" data-id="Example-Run"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Example-Run" title="Example-Run"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><span>Example Run</span></h3><pre><code class="bash hljs">$ python3 server.py

  62. Server: listening on 0.0.0.0:50000

  63. Client: {<span class="hljs-string">'type'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'A'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'key'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'example.com'</span>}

  64. Server: Record found. Sending answer.

  65. Client: {<span class="hljs-string">'type'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'PTR'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'key'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'1.2.3.4'</span>}

  66. Server: Record found. Sending answer.

  67. Client: {<span class="hljs-string">'type'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'CNAME'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'key'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'moodle.com'</span>}

  68. Server: Record not found. Sending error.

  69. ^CServer: Shutting down...

  70. </code></pre><pre><code class="bash hljs">$ python3 client.py

  71. Client: Sending query <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> example.com

  72. Server: {<span class="hljs-string">'type'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'A'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'key'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'example.com'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'value'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'1.2.3.4'</span>}

  73. Client: Sending query <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> 1.2.3.4

  74. Server: {<span class="hljs-string">'type'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'PTR'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'key'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'1.2.3.4'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'value'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'example.com'</span>}

  75. Client: Sending query <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> moodle.com

  76. Server: {<span class="hljs-string">'type'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'CNAME'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'key'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'moodle.com'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'value'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'NXDOMAIN'</span>}

  77. </code></pre><h2 id="Task-2---Remote-Procedure-Call-85-Points" data-id="Task-2---Remote-Procedure-Call-85-Points"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Task-2---Remote-Procedure-Call-85-Points" title="Task-2---Remote-Procedure-Call-85-Points"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><span>Task 2 - Remote Procedure Call [8.5 Points]</span></h2><p><span>Write a server and a client to implement a simple remote calculator</span></p><ul>

  78. <li><span>The client calls stub functions to do elementary mathematical operations</span></li>

  79. <li><span>The server executes the corresponding implementations to calculate the required results and send them back to the client</span></li>

  80. <li><span>Communication happens over the local network, with Protocol Buffers as the data serialization format</span></li>

  81. </ul><h3 id="Server-serverpy1" data-id="Server-serverpy"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Server-serverpy1" title="Server-serverpy1"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><span>Server (</span><code>server.py</code><span>)</span></h3><ul>

  82. <li><span>Run a gRPC server that listens on all interfaces on port </span><code>50000</code></li>

  83. <li><span>The server should run forever unless a </span><code>KeyboardInterrupt</code><span> is received</span></li>

  84. <li><span>Expose the following functions for RPC. The logic for each function is explained below:</span>

  85. <ul>

  86. <li><code>Add(a: int, b: int)</code><span> returns </span><code>a + b</code></li>

  87. <li><code>Subtract(a: int, b: int)</code><span> returns </span><code>a - b</code></li>

  88. <li><code>Multiply(a: int, b: int)</code><span> returns </span><code>a * b</code></li>

  89. <li><code>Divide(a: int, b: int)</code><span> returns </span><code>a / b</code><span> or </span><code>math.nan</code><span> if </span><code>b</code><span> equals zero</span></li>

  90. </ul>

  91. </li>

  92. <li><span>Handle remote calls from the client and return the required results</span></li>

  93. </ul><h3 id="Client-clientpy1" data-id="Client-clientpy"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Client-clientpy1" title="Client-clientpy1"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><span>Client (</span><code>client.py</code><span>)</span></h3><ul>

  94. <li><span>Once executed, the client calls the following remote functions one by one</span><pre><code class="python hljs">Add(<span class="hljs-number">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number">2</span>)

  95. Subtract(<span class="hljs-number">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number">2</span>)

  96. Multiply(<span class="hljs-number">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number">2</span>)

  97. Divide(<span class="hljs-number">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number">2</span>)

  98. Divide(<span class="hljs-number">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number">0</span>)

  99. </code></pre>

  100. </li>

  101. <li><span>The client should print the query and the received results, as shown in the example run below</span></li>

  102. </ul><h3 id="Schema-file-calculatorproto" data-id="Schema-file-calculatorproto"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Schema-file-calculatorproto" title="Schema-file-calculatorproto"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><span>Schema file (</span><code>calculator.proto</code><span>)</span></h3><ul>

  103. <li><span>Defines the protocol of communication between the client and the server</span>

  104. <ul>

  105. <li><span>The calculator </span><code>service</code><span> with remote functions that can be called through </span><code>rpc</code></li>

  106. <li><span>Request/response </span><code>message</code><span> types for the client/server communication</span></li>

  107. </ul>

  108. </li>

  109. <li><span>Make sure you have </span><code>grpcio</code><span> and </span><code>grpcio-tools</code><span> installed. You may use a virtual environment if needed</span></li>

  110. <li><span>Compile the </span><code>.proto</code><span> file using the following command</span><pre><code class="bash hljs">python3 -m grpc_tools.protoc --proto_path=. \

  111. --python_out=. --grpc_python_out=. calculator.proto

  112. </code></pre>

  113. </li>

  114. </ul><h3 id="Example-Run1" data-id="Example-Run"><a class="anchor hidden-xs" href="#Example-Run1" title="Example-Run1"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><span>Example Run</span></h3><pre><code class="bash hljs">$ python3 server.py

  115. gRPC server is listening on 0.0.0.0:50000

  116. Add(10,2)

  117. Subtract(10,2)

  118. Multiply(10,2)

  119. Divide(10,2)

  120. Divide(10,0)

  121. ^CShutting down...

  122. </code></pre><pre><code class="bash hljs">$ python3 client.py

  123. Add(10,2) = 12.0

  124. Subtract(10,2) = 8.0

  125. Multiply(10,2) = 20.0

  126. Divide(10,2) = 5.0

  127. Divide(10,0) = nan

  128. </code></pre></div>

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  137. <li class=""><a href="#Task-1---UDP-Socket-Programming-85-Points" title="Task 1 - UDP Socket Programming [8.5 Points]">Task 1 - UDP Socket Programming [8.5 Points]</a><ul class="nav">

  138. <li><a href="#Client-clientpy" title="Client (client.py)">Client (client.py)</a></li>

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  238.             var paddingRight = parseFloat(markdown.css('padding-right'));

  239.             var right = ($(window).width() - (markdown.offset().left + markdown.outerWidth() - paddingRight));

  240.             toc.css('right', right + 'px');

  241.             //affix toc left

  242.             var newbool;

  243.             var rightMargin = (markdown.parent().outerWidth() - markdown.outerWidth()) / 2;

  244.             //for ipad or wider device

  245.             if (rightMargin >= 133) {

  246.                 newbool = true;

  247.                 var affixLeftMargin = (tocAffix.outerWidth() - tocAffix.width()) / 2;

  248.                 var left = markdown.offset().left + markdown.outerWidth() - affixLeftMargin;

  249.                 tocAffix.css('left', left + 'px');

  250.             } else {

  251.                 newbool = false;

  252.             }

  253.             if (newbool != enoughForAffixToc) {

  254.                 enoughForAffixToc = newbool;

  255.                 generateScrollspy();

  256.             }

  257.         }

  258.         $(window).resize(function () {

  259.             windowResize();

  260.         });

  261.         $(document).ready(function () {

  262.             windowResize();

  263.             generateScrollspy();

  264.         });

  265. 

  266.         //remove hash

  267.         function removeHash() {

  268.             window.location.hash = '';

  269.         }

  270. 

  271.         var backtotop = $('.back-to-top');

  272.         var gotobottom = $('.go-to-bottom');

  273. 

  274.         backtotop.click(function (e) {

  275.             e.preventDefault();

  276.             e.stopPropagation();

  277.             if (scrollToTop)

  278.                 scrollToTop();

  279.             removeHash();

  280.         });

  281.         gotobottom.click(function (e) {

  282.             e.preventDefault();

  283.             e.stopPropagation();

  284.             if (scrollToBottom)

  285.                 scrollToBottom();

  286.             removeHash();

  287.         });

  288. 

  289.         var toggle = $('.expand-toggle');

  290.         var tocExpand = false;

  291. 

  292.         checkExpandToggle();

  293.         toggle.click(function (e) {

  294.             e.preventDefault();

  295.             e.stopPropagation();

  296.             tocExpand = !tocExpand;

  297.             checkExpandToggle();

  298.         })

  299. 

  300.         function checkExpandToggle () {

  301.             var toc = $('.ui-toc-dropdown .toc');

  302.             var toggle = $('.expand-toggle');

  303.             if (!tocExpand) {

  304.                 toc.removeClass('expand');

  305.                 toggle.text('Expand all');

  306.             } else {

  307.                 toc.addClass('expand');

  308.                 toggle.text('Collapse all');

  309.             }

  310.         }

  311. 

  312.         function scrollToTop() {

  313.             $('body, html').stop(true, true).animate({

  314.                 scrollTop: 0

  315.             }, 100, "linear");

  316.         }

  317. 

  318.         function scrollToBottom() {

  319.             $('body, html').stop(true, true).animate({

  320.                 scrollTop: $(document.body)[0].scrollHeight

  321.             }, 100, "linear");

  322.         }

  323.     </script>

  324. </body>

  325. 

  326. </html>